Introduce MAL/LAL/Hierarchy V2 engine — replace Groovy DSL runtime with ANTLR4 + Javassist

[wu-sheng]

Introduce MAL/LAL/Hierarchy V2 engine — replace Groovy DSL runtime with ANTLR4 + Javassist

• This is a non-trivial feature. Design doc: docs/en/academy/dsl-compiler-design.md

• Documentation updated to include this new feature.

• Tests (UT, IT, E2E) are added to verify the new feature.

• If this pull request closes/resolves/fixes an existing issue, replace the issue number. Closes #.

• Update the CHANGES log.

What this PR does

Introduces the MAL/LAL/Hierarchy V2 engine — replacing the Groovy-based DSL runtime for MAL (Meter Analysis Language), LAL (Log Analysis Language), and Hierarchy matching rules with compile-time ANTLR4 parsing and Javassist bytecode generation — the same approach already used by the OAL V2 engine.

All three DSL compilers follow the same pipeline:

DSL string → ANTLR4 parse → Immutable AST → Javassist bytecode → Direct Java execution

Why

• Remove Groovy runtime dependency (~7MB) from the OAP server classpath
• Eliminate runtime interpretation — generated bytecode uses direct method calls with zero reflection at runtime
• Thread-safe by design — all generated instances are stateless singletons; per-request state passed as parameters (no ThreadLocal, no mutable wrappers)
• Fail-fast at boot — DSL compilation errors are caught during startup with file/line/column reporting, not at first log/metric arrival
• Debugger-friendly — all generated methods include LocalVariableTable (LVT) entries with named variables

Architecture

DSL	Compiled Interface	Runtime Signature	State Passing
MAL	MalExpression	SampleFamily run(Map<String, SampleFamily>)	Parameter
LAL	LalExpression	void execute(FilterSpec, ExecutionContext)	Parameter
Hierarchy	BiFunction<Service, Service, Boolean>	Boolean apply(Service, Service)	Parameter

All v2 classes live under .v2. packages to avoid FQCN conflicts with v1 (Groovy) classes, which remain in test/script-cases/script-runtime-with-groovy/ for comparison testing.

---

Compiled Code Examples

MAL Example 1 — Simple aggregation

DSL: instance_jvm_cpu.sum(['service', 'instance'])

Generated run() method:

public SampleFamily run(Map samples) {
  SampleFamily sf;
  sf = ((SampleFamily) samples.getOrDefault("instance_jvm_cpu", SampleFamily.EMPTY));
  sf = sf.sum(new String[]{"service", "instance"});
  return sf;
}

MAL Example 2 — Tag closure (inlined as method on main class)

DSL: metric.tag({tags -> tags.service_name = 'APISIX::' + tags.skywalking_service})

Generated class (single .class file, no separate closure class):

// Closure body compiled as a method on the main class
public Map _tag_apply(Map tags) {
  tags.put("service_name", "APISIX::" + tags.get("skywalking_service"));
  return tags;
}

// _tag field holds a TagFunction instance created via LambdaMetafactory
// (same mechanism javac uses for lambdas — JIT can fully inline)
public SampleFamily run(Map samples) {
  SampleFamily sf;
  sf = ((SampleFamily) samples.getOrDefault("metric", SampleFamily.EMPTY));
  sf = sf.tag(this._tag);
  return sf;
}

Closures are compiled as methods on the main class. At class-load time, LambdaMetafactory wraps each method into a functional interface instance (e.g., TagFunction, ForEachFunction) — the JVM creates a hidden class internally with no .class file on disk. This is the same mechanism javac uses for lambda expressions.

MAL Example 3 — Regex match with ternary

DSL: metric.tag({ tags -> def matcher = (tags.metrics_name =~ /\.ssl\.certificate\.([^.]+)\.expiration/); tags.secret_name = matcher ? matcher[0][1] : "unknown" })

Generated _tag_apply() method:

public Map _tag_apply(Map tags) {
  String[][] matcher = MalRuntimeHelper.regexMatch(
      (String) tags.get("metrics_name"),
      "\\.ssl\\.certificate\\.([^.]+)\\.expiration");
  tags.put("secret_name", (((Object)(matcher)) != null ? (matcher[0][1]) : ("unknown")));
  return tags;
}

def type inferred as String[][] from =~ regex match. Ternary compiles to Java ternary with null-check on Object cast.

---

LAL Example 1 — JSON parser with extractor

DSL:

filter {
  json {}
  extractor {
    service parsed.service as String
    instance parsed.instance as String
  }
  sink {}
}

Generated class:

public void execute(FilterSpec filterSpec, ExecutionContext ctx) {
  LalRuntimeHelper h = new LalRuntimeHelper(ctx);
  filterSpec.json(ctx);
  if (!ctx.shouldAbort()) { _extractor(filterSpec.extractor(), h); }
  filterSpec.sink(ctx);
}

private void _extractor(ExtractorSpec _e, LalRuntimeHelper h) {
  _e.service(h.ctx(), h.toStr(h.mapVal("service")));
  _e.instance(h.ctx(), h.toStr(h.mapVal("instance")));
}

Single class, no closures. h.mapVal() accesses JSON parsed map. h.toStr() preserves null (unlike String.valueOf() which returns "null").

LAL Example 2 — Proto-based with extraLogType (Envoy ALS)

DSL:

filter {
  if (parsed?.response?.responseCode?.value as Integer < 400) { abort {} }
  extractor {
    if (parsed?.response?.responseCode) {
      tag 'status.code': parsed?.response?.responseCode?.value
    }
    tag 'response.flag': parsed?.commonProperties?.responseFlags
  }
  sink {}
}

Generated class (with extraLogType = HTTPAccessLogEntry):

public void execute(FilterSpec filterSpec, ExecutionContext ctx) {
  LalRuntimeHelper h = new LalRuntimeHelper(ctx);
  // Cast once, reuse as _p
  HTTPAccessLogEntry _p = (HTTPAccessLogEntry) h.ctx().extraLog();
  // Safe-nav chain cached in local variables
  HTTPResponseProperties _t0 = _p == null ? null : _p.getResponse();
  UInt32Value _t1 = _t0 == null ? null : _t0.getResponseCode();
  if (_t1 != null && _t1.getValue() < 400) { filterSpec.abort(ctx); }
  if (!ctx.shouldAbort()) { _extractor(filterSpec.extractor(), h); }
  filterSpec.sink(ctx);
}

private void _extractor(ExtractorSpec _e, LalRuntimeHelper h) {
  HTTPAccessLogEntry _p = (HTTPAccessLogEntry) h.ctx().extraLog();
  HTTPResponseProperties _t0 = _p == null ? null : _p.getResponse();
  UInt32Value _t1 = _t0 == null ? null : _t0.getResponseCode();
  if (_t1 != null) {
    _e.tag(h.ctx(), "status.code", h.toStr(Integer.valueOf(_t1.getValue())));
  }
  AccessLogCommon _t2 = _p == null ? null : _p.getCommonProperties();
  _e.tag(h.ctx(), "response.flag", h.toStr(_t2 == null ? null : _t2.getResponseFlags()));
}

Proto getter chains resolved via Java reflection at compile time — at runtime it's direct method calls. ?. safe navigation emits == null ? null : ternaries. Intermediate values cached in _tN local variables for readability and dedup.

---

Hierarchy Example 1 — Simple name match

DSL: { (u, l) -> u.name == l.name }

Generated class:

public Object apply(Object arg0, Object arg1) {
  Service u = (Service) arg0;
  Service l = (Service) arg1;
  return Boolean.valueOf(java.util.Objects.equals(u.getName(), l.getName()));
}

Hierarchy Example 2 — Block body with if/return

DSL: { (u, l) -> { if (l.shortName.lastIndexOf('.') > 0) { return u.shortName == l.shortName.substring(0, l.shortName.lastIndexOf('.')); } return false; } }

Generated class:

public Object apply(Object arg0, Object arg1) {
  Service u = (Service) arg0;
  Service l = (Service) arg1;
  if (l.getShortName().lastIndexOf(".") > 0) {
    return Boolean.valueOf(java.util.Objects.equals(
        u.getShortName(),
        l.getShortName().substring(0, l.getShortName().lastIndexOf("."))));
  }
  return Boolean.valueOf(false);
}

Property access → getter methods. == → Objects.equals(). Numeric > → direct operator.

---

v1 vs v2 Cross-Verification

The test/script-cases/script-runtime-with-groovy/ module runs every production DSL expression through both Groovy v1 and Javassist v2, then asserts identical results. Both v1 and v2 must pass — v1 failure also fail()s (no silent skip).

How it works

For each DSL expression in production YAML configs:
  1. Compile with v1 (Groovy)    → run with mock data → collect output
  2. Compile with v2 (Javassist) → run with same data → collect output
  3. Assert v1 output == v2 output field by field

v1 and v2 coexist in the same JVM via package isolation (*.dsl.* vs *.v2.dsl.*), each with its own ModuleManager mock.

What is compared

DSL	Fields compared
MAL (metadata)	samples (input metric names), scopeType, downsampling, isHistogram, scopeLabels, aggregationLabels
MAL (runtime)	Output Sample[] arrays — label sets and values, after running both with identical SampleFamily input
LAL	shouldAbort, shouldSave, log.service, log.serviceInstance, log.endpoint, log.layer, log.timestamp, log.tags
Hierarchy	Boolean result for each (upper, lower) Service pair

Test data

• MAL: 73 companion .data.yaml files provide realistic mock SampleFamily input per YAML config. For increase()/rate() expressions, the checker primes the counter window with initial data before the comparison run. Expressions without companion data fall back to auto-generated mock data.
• LAL: Mock LogData protobuf built with service/instance/endpoint/timestamp/traceContext. Rules with extraLogType (e.g., envoy-als proto) use .input.data files with proto-json mock data and the LALSourceTypeProvider SPI to resolve the proto type per layer at compile time.
• Hierarchy: Test pairs from .data.yaml with (upper, lower, expected) tuples per rule.

Verification counts

DSL	Expressions	Source
MAL expressions	1,229	73 YAML files across 4 directories
MAL filter closures	31	Separate MalFilterComparisonTest
LAL scripts	29	oap-cases + feature-cases
Hierarchy rules	4 rules × test pairs	test-hierarchy-definition.data.yaml
Total	~1,290

---

Files changed

537 files, +40,436 / -1,480 (bulk from new test data files, POM version changes, and generated grammar sources)

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR replaces the Groovy-based MAL/LAL/Hierarchy DSL runtime with an ANTLR4 parser + Javassist bytecode generation pipeline, aiming for faster execution, thread-safety, and fail-fast compilation at startup.

Changes:

• Introduces v2 MAL DSL runtime types (Sample/SampleFamily helpers, metadata model, filter/expression APIs) and compiler runtime helpers.
• Introduces v2 LAL engine components (SPI for extraLog type resolution, runtime listener pipeline, parsing/execution context, samplers).
• Adds ANTLR grammars and Maven build plugin/runtime dependencies across affected modules, plus documentation updates.

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 132 out of 557 changed files in this pull request and generated 14 comments.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/tagOpt/Retag.java	Adds Retag interface for tag optimization implementations.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/tagOpt/K8sRetagType.java	Adds Kubernetes-based retag implementation using K8s metadata registry.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/registry/ProcessRegistry.java	Adds registry helper to generate virtual process entities for DSL usage.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/counter/ID.java	Adds counter key type for windowed counter calculations.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/counter/CounterWindow.java	Adds shared counter window logic for increase/rate calculations in MAL.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/SampleFamilyFunctions.java	Adds functional interfaces used as closure/functional parameters in MAL.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/SampleFamilyBuilder.java	Adds builder helper for constructing SampleFamily with runtime context tweaks.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/Sample.java	Adds Sample model with counter increase helpers calling CounterWindow.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/Result.java	Adds parsing/execution result wrapper for MAL evaluation.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/MalFilter.java	Adds functional interface for compiled MAL filter closures.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/MalExpression.java	Adds compiled MAL expression interface (run + compile-time metadata).
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/FilterExpression.java	Adds wrapper compiling/evaluating MAL filter closure against sample families.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/ExpressionParsingException.java	Adds parsing-phase exception type for MAL v2.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/ExpressionMetadata.java	Adds immutable compile-time metadata extracted from MAL AST.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/Expression.java	Adds execution wrapper around compiled MalExpression, plus validation.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/EntityDescription/ServiceRelationEntityDescription.java	Adds v2 entity description for service relations.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/EntityDescription/ServiceEntityDescription.java	Adds v2 entity description for services.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/EntityDescription/ProcessRelationEntityDescription.java	Adds v2 entity description for process relations.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/EntityDescription/ProcessEntityDescription.java	Adds v2 entity description for processes.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/EntityDescription/InstanceEntityDescription.java	Adds v2 entity description for instances with properties extractor hook.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/EntityDescription/EntityDescription.java	Adds base interface for v2 entity descriptions.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/EntityDescription/EndpointEntityDescription.java	Adds v2 entity description for endpoints.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/DownsamplingType.java	Adds downsampling enum used in MAL metadata/codegen.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/dsl/DSL.java	Adds MAL v2 DSL compile entrypoint (ANTLR4 + Javassist).
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/compiler/rt/MalRuntimeHelper.java	Adds MAL runtime helper methods called by generated code.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/compiler/rt/MalExpressionPackageHolder.java	Adds Javassist classloading anchor for generated MAL classes.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/compiler/MALCodegenHelper.java	Adds shared MAL codegen utilities/constants.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/MetricRuleConfig.java	Adds v2 metric rule config contract used by MetricConvert.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/meter/analyzer/v2/MetricConvert.java	Updates metric execution pipeline to v2 MAL compilation and evaluation.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/src/main/antlr4/org/apache/skywalking/mal/rt/grammar/MALLexer.g4	Adds ANTLR lexer for MAL v2.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/pom.xml	Removes Groovy and adds ANTLR/Javassist + ANTLR Maven plugin.
oap-server/analyzer/meter-analyzer/CLAUDE.md	Documents MAL compiler architecture and constraints.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/test/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.skywalking.oap.log.analyzer.v2.spi.LALSourceTypeProvider	Registers test SPI provider for LAL extraLog type resolution.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/test/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/dsl/DSLV2Test.java	Adds LAL v2 compilation smoke tests.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/test/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/compiler/TestMeshLALSourceTypeProvider.java	Adds test SPI implementation for mesh layer extraLog type.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.skywalking.oap.server.library.module.ModuleProvider	Switches log-analyzer module provider to v2.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.skywalking.oap.server.library.module.ModuleDefine	Switches log-analyzer module define to v2.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/spi/LALSourceTypeProvider.java	Adds SPI for default per-layer extraLog Java type.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/provider/log/listener/TrafficSinkListener.java	Adds sink listener to emit service/instance/endpoint meta from logs.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/provider/log/listener/RecordSinkListener.java	Adds sink listener to persist logs with searchable tags + autocomplete.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/provider/log/listener/LogSinkListenerFactory.java	Adds factory interface for sink listeners.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/provider/log/listener/LogSinkListener.java	Adds sink listener interface for build+parse lifecycle.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/provider/log/listener/LogFilterListener.java	Adds runtime listener executing compiled LAL DSL per log.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/provider/log/listener/LogAnalysisListenerFactory.java	Adds analysis listener factory interface for per-layer listener creation.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/provider/log/listener/LogAnalysisListener.java	Adds analysis listener interface for build+parse lifecycle.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/provider/log/analyzer/LogAnalyzerFactory.java	Adds placeholder factory class for log analyzer (currently empty).
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/provider/log/LogAnalyzerServiceImpl.java	Adds v2 log analyzer service + listener manager.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/provider/log/LogAnalyzer.java	Adds v2 per-request log analysis orchestration.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/provider/log/ILogAnalyzerService.java	Adds v2 service interface for log analysis.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/provider/log/ILogAnalysisListenerManager.java	Adds v2 listener manager contract.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/provider/LogAnalyzerModuleProvider.java	Registers v2 provider and wires MAL metric converts + LAL listener at start.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/provider/LogAnalyzerModuleConfig.java	Adds v2 module config supporting LAL + log-MAL config loading.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/provider/LALConfigs.java	Adds LAL YAML loader for v2.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/provider/LALConfig.java	Adds LAL rule config model (name/dsl/layer/extraLogType).
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/module/LogAnalyzerModule.java	Adds v2 module define exposing ILogAnalyzerService.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/dsl/spec/sink/sampler/Sampler.java	Adds sampler abstraction for sink sampling control.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/dsl/spec/sink/sampler/RateLimitingSampler.java	Adds per-minute rate limiting sampler + reset handler.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/dsl/spec/sink/sampler/PossibilitySampler.java	Adds probability-based sampler implementation.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/dsl/spec/sink/SinkSpec.java	Adds sink spec with sampler + enforcer/dropper actions.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/dsl/spec/sink/SamplerSpec.java	Adds sampler spec with rate limiting sampling method.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/dsl/spec/parser/YamlParserSpec.java	Adds YAML parser spec using SnakeYAML SafeConstructor.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/dsl/spec/parser/TextParserSpec.java	Adds text regexp parser spec producing a Matcher parsed object.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/dsl/spec/parser/JsonParserSpec.java	Adds JSON parser spec with reusable ObjectMapper.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/dsl/spec/parser/AbstractParserSpec.java	Adds shared parser behavior including abort-on-failure flag.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/dsl/spec/extractor/slowsql/SlowSqlSpec.java	Adds slow SQL extractor spec writing into execution context.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/dsl/spec/extractor/sampledtrace/SampledTraceSpec.java	Adds sampled-trace extractor spec writing into execution context.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/dsl/spec/AbstractSpec.java	Adds base spec holding moduleManager + moduleConfig.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/dsl/LalExpression.java	Adds compiled LAL expression interface.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/dsl/ExecutionContext.java	Adds per-log mutable execution context passed into compiled LAL.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/dsl/DSL.java	Adds LAL v2 DSL compile entrypoint + evaluate wrapper.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/compiler/rt/LalExpressionPackageHolder.java	Adds Javassist classloading anchor for generated LAL classes.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/log/analyzer/v2/compiler/LALCodegenHelper.java	Adds shared LAL codegen utilities/constants.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/src/main/antlr4/org/apache/skywalking/lal/rt/grammar/LALLexer.g4	Adds ANTLR lexer for LAL v2.
oap-server/analyzer/log-analyzer/pom.xml	Removes Groovy and adds ANTLR/Javassist + plugin + test dependency.
oap-server/analyzer/hierarchy/src/test/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/server/core/config/v2/compiler/HierarchyRuleScriptParserTest.java	Adds parser tests for hierarchy rule expressions.
oap-server/analyzer/hierarchy/src/test/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/server/core/config/v2/compiler/HierarchyRuleClassGeneratorTest.java	Adds codegen tests for compiled hierarchy rule matchers.
oap-server/analyzer/hierarchy/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.apache.skywalking.oap.server.core.config.HierarchyDefinitionService$HierarchyRuleProvider	Registers compiled hierarchy rule provider via SPI.
oap-server/analyzer/hierarchy/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/server/core/config/v2/compiler/hierarchy/rule/rt/HierarchyRulePackageHolder.java	Adds Javassist classloading anchor for hierarchy generated classes.
oap-server/analyzer/hierarchy/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/server/core/config/v2/compiler/HierarchyRuleModel.java	Adds immutable AST model for hierarchy rule expressions.
oap-server/analyzer/hierarchy/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/server/core/config/v2/compiler/CompiledHierarchyRuleProvider.java	Adds SPI provider compiling hierarchy rules using ANTLR4 + Javassist.
oap-server/analyzer/hierarchy/src/main/antlr4/org/apache/skywalking/hierarchy/rt/grammar/HierarchyRuleParser.g4	Adds hierarchy rule parser grammar.
oap-server/analyzer/hierarchy/src/main/antlr4/org/apache/skywalking/hierarchy/rt/grammar/HierarchyRuleLexer.g4	Adds hierarchy rule lexer grammar.
oap-server/analyzer/hierarchy/pom.xml	Adds hierarchy module POM with ANTLR/Javassist + plugin.
oap-server/analyzer/hierarchy/CLAUDE.md	Documents hierarchy rule compiler architecture.
oap-server/analyzer/event-analyzer/pom.xml	Updates module parent version reference.
oap-server/analyzer/agent-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/server/analyzer/provider/meter/process/SampleBuilder.java	Switches agent analyzer to MAL v2 Sample class.
oap-server/analyzer/agent-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/server/analyzer/provider/meter/process/MeterProcessor.java	Switches agent analyzer to v2 MetricConvert/Sample/SampleFamilyBuilder and updates comment.
oap-server/analyzer/agent-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/server/analyzer/provider/meter/process/MeterProcessService.java	Switches agent analyzer to v2 MetricConvert.
oap-server/analyzer/agent-analyzer/src/main/java/org/apache/skywalking/oap/server/analyzer/provider/meter/config/MeterConfig.java	Switches MeterConfig to v2 MetricRuleConfig and drops initExp field.
oap-server/analyzer/agent-analyzer/pom.xml	Updates module parent version reference.
oap-server/ai-pipeline/pom.xml	Updates module parent version reference.
oap-server-bom/pom.xml	Updates module parent version reference.
docs/menu.yml	Adds menu entry for DSL compiler design doc.
docs/en/concepts-and-designs/service-hierarchy-configuration.md	Updates hierarchy docs to remove Groovy mention and describe expressions.
docs/en/concepts-and-designs/lal.md	Updates LAL docs code fences and removes stray import.
docs/en/changes/changes.md	Adds change log entry (currently about Maven revision/flatten removal).
dist-material/release-docs/LICENSE	Removes Groovy dependency entry (reflecting removal of Groovy runtime).
apm-webapp/pom.xml	Updates module parent version reference.
apm-protocol/pom.xml	Updates module parent version reference.
apm-protocol/apm-network/pom.xml	Updates module parent version reference.
apm-dist/pom.xml	Updates module parent version reference.
.github/workflows/skywalking.yaml	Removes flatten plugin usage from CI build steps.
.claude/skills/test/SKILL.md	Adds contributor skill doc for running tests.
.claude/skills/run-e2e/SKILL.md	Adds contributor skill doc for running E2E locally.
.claude/skills/license/SKILL.md	Adds contributor skill doc for license checks.
.claude/skills/gh-pull-request/SKILL.md	Adds contributor skill doc for PR workflow.
.claude/skills/compile/SKILL.md	Adds contributor skill doc for compile/checkstyle/javadoc.
.claude/skills/ci-e2e-debug/SKILL.md	Adds contributor skill doc for CI E2E artifact debugging.

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[wu-sheng]

Gemini Code Review — V2 Engine Migration (Groovy Replacement)

I have completed a comprehensive review of the changes in the groovy-replace branch. The migration from Groovy-based V1 to the ANTLR4/Javassist-based V2 engine is architecturally sound and significantly improves the robustness of the OAP analyzer.

Key Technical Highlights:

• Concurrency & Thread Safety: The removal of ThreadLocal in favor of explicit context passing (ExecutionContext, RunningContext) is a major improvement. The generated classes (MalExpr, LalExpr) are stateless and thread-safe, ensuring predictable behavior under high concurrency.
• Feature Parity & Validation: Strong parity is verified via MalComparisonTest and LalComparisonTest. The latest fix to fail explicitly on V1 runtime errors during data generation ensures the integrity of the test expectations.
• Performance Optimization: The transition to compiled bytecode (via LALClassGenerator and MALClassGenerator) eliminates the overhead of dynamic script evaluation, providing a more performant execution path for LAL, MAL, and Hierarchy rules.

The migration successfully modernizes the DSL engine while maintaining strict compatibility with existing rule configurations.